Ubwoko 3 bwifu ya nitride

Azote ifite electronegativite nyinshi kandi irashobora gukora urukurikirane rwa nitride hamwe nibintu byinshi bifite electronegativite yo hasi, harimo ubwoko butatu bwa nitide ya ionic, nitride ya covalent na nitride.Boron Nitride

Nitide ikozwe mubyuma bya alkali hamwe nubutaka bwibyuma bya alkaline ni ibya nitide ya ionic, kandi kristu zabo ni imvano ya ionic, kandi ibintu bya azote bibaho muburyo bwa N3-, nabwo bita nitride imeze nkumunyu. Imiti ya nitide ya ionic irakora cyane, kandi byoroshye hydrolyz kugirango bibyare hydroxide na ammonia. Kugeza ubu, Li3N muri nitide ya ionic irakoreshwa. Li3N ni umutuku wimbitse kandi ni uwomwanya wa sisitemu ya mpandeshatu. Ifite ubucucike bwa 1.27g / cm3 hamwe no gushonga kwa 813 ° C. Nibyoroshye guhuza kandi bifite ionic conducivite. Irashobora guhuzwa na lithium ikomeye cyangwa yamazi. Kubana nimwe muma lithium ikomeye ya electrolytite irahari ubu.

Nitride igizwe nitsinda rya IIIA ~ VIIA ni nitride ya covalent, kandi kristu zabo ziganjemo imvano ya covalent. Muri byo, ibice byakozwe na ogisijeni, itsinda rya VIIA hamwe na azote bigomba kwitwa neza okiside ya azote na azote ya azote. Nitide ikoreshwa cyane ni nitride yibintu bya IIIA na IVA (nka BN, AlN, GaN, InN, C3N4 na Si3N4, nibindi). Igice cyubatswe gisa na tetrahedron ya diyama, bityo nanone yitwa nitride yo mu rwego rwa Diamond. Bafite ubukana bwinshi, aho gushonga cyane, hamwe n’imiti ihamye. Byinshi muribi ni imibiri yumutwe cyangwa semiconductor. Zikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo gutema, ubukonje bwo hejuru bwubutaka, ibikoresho bya microelectronic, nibikoresho bya luminescent.

Nitride ikorwa nibintu byinzibacyuho ni nitride ya metero. Atome ya azote iherereye muri cubic cyangwa esheshatu zegeranye zipakiye icyuma cya lattice, nacyo cyitwa infill nitrides. Imiti yimiti yubwoko bwa nitride ntabwo ikurikiza igipimo gikomeye cya stoichiometric, kandi ibiyigize birashobora gutandukana murwego. Nitride yo mu bwoko bwinshi bw'icyuma ifite imiterere ya NaCl, kandi imiti ya shimi ni MN. Mubisanzwe, ifite ibintu bisa nicyuma, nka lisansi yumucyo, itwara neza, ubukana bwinshi, aho gushonga cyane, kwangirika no kurwanya ruswa, nibindi, kandi ifite ibyifuzo byiza byo gukata ibikoresho, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibikoresho bya catalitiki.